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ANTARCTICAS FOUR POLES
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The South Pole that is referred to in everyday conversation is the Geographical South Pole, which is the southernmost end of the earth's rotational axis. This is the REAL Pole.
But there are three other "poles" which are of interest to scientists.
The Magnetic South Pole (The most important) is where the lines of force of the earth's magnetic field converge. This is where the compass is pointing, and gives the opportunity for easy navigation. The position of this pole is constantly moving, by some 10-20 kilometres per year, due to variations in the earth's magnetic field. The magnetic South Pole is currently located off Adélie Land, in the general vicinity of the Dumont d'Urville station. The amazing thing is that this Pole is approximately 3,000 km away from the Geographical Pole.
The Geomagnetic South Pole is a theoretical definition used to rationalize variations in the earth's magnetic field. It is located in the Australian sector near the Russian Vostok station, but has its variation like the Magnetic Pole.
The Pole of Relative Inaccessibility is the centre of the continent as measured by its distance from the coasts. It is located at latitude 82º06'S, longitude 54º58'E, in the Australian sector.
“The cold pole”
A fifth pole is also mentioned as “the cold pole”, but as fare as known there is no data on the exact position.
All these poles have it’s equal on the Northern Hemisphere if not at the same position, but the Geographical Poles are situated exactly at the opposite position.
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